Multiple Choice
Identify
the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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1. |
Living organisms are primarily composed of
a. |
C,
N, O, P |
c. |
C,
N, O, H |
b. |
C,
N, O, F |
d. |
C,
H, O, S |
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2. |
A
carbon atom can form up to
a. |
1 covalent bond |
c. |
3 covalent bonds |
b. |
2
covalent bonds |
d. |
4
covalent bonds |
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3. |
Glucose
a. |
contains C, H, O, and N |
c. |
is a disaccharide |
b. |
is
a polymer |
d. |
is
used by cells as a source of energy |
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4. |
Which
of the following is an example of a polymer?
a. |
glucose |
c. |
amino acid |
b. |
fatty
acid |
d. |
polypeptide |
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5. |
Amylose and amylopectin
a. |
are branched polymers of fructose |
c. |
are
components of glycogen |
b. |
are components of starch |
d. |
are branched polymers of glucose |
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6. |
Lipids
a. |
are soluble in water |
c. |
include fats, oils, and chitin |
b. |
are
nonpolar molecules |
d. |
are
mostly composed of C, H, N, and P |
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7. |
Saturated fatty acids
a. |
contain double bonds between carbon atoms |
b. |
produce triglycerides that are liquid at
room temperature |
c. |
contain only single bonds between carbon
atoms |
d. |
are also called steroids |
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8. |
Enzymes
a. |
speed up chemical reactions in living organisms |
b. |
are complex carbohydrates |
c. |
store
genetic information |
d. |
are used as sources of energy |
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9. |
Nucleic acids
a. |
are amino acid polymers |
c. |
contain C and H only |
b. |
are
complex carbohydrates |
d. |
are
spiral molecules |
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10. |
In
DNA
a. |
A
always bonds to C |
c. |
A
always bonds to T |
b. |
G
always bonds to T |
d. |
C
always bonds to T |
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Completion
Complete each sentence
or statement.
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11. |
The
____________________ of an atom refers to the number of protons in the
nucleus and determines the ____________________ of an atom.
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12. |
Oxygen in the air is a(n) ____________________ because it contains
atoms of one element only.
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13. |
A
____________________ covalent bond forms when two pairs of electrons
are shared equally between two atoms.
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14. |
HCl
has a ____________________ bond because of unequally shared electron
pairs.
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15. |
Polar
molecules have a ____________________ end and a(n) ____________________
end.
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16. |
When
the concentration of a solution is decreased by adding more solvent,
the solution is said to be ____________________.
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17. |
Acidic solutions contain high concentrations of the ____________________
ion; basic solutions contain high concentrations of the ____________________
ion.
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18. |
Acids
and bases that ionize fully when added to ____________________ are considered
____________________ acids and bases.
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19. |
____________________ are usually mixtures of an acid and a base
that can neutralize small amounts of acid or base.
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Short Answer
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20. |
Complete Table 1.
Table
1
Compound |
Function |
cellulose |
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crustacean exoskeleton |
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waterproof coating on fruit |
glycogen |
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cell membrane |
triglyceride |
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21. |
Identify the functional groups in the molecule in Figure 1.
Figure 1
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22. |
Two
different unknown solutions are placed into two different test tubes.
A number of nutrient tests were conducted on each of the unknowns, and
the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Unknown
solution |
Benedict’s test |
Lugol’s
iodine test |
Paper translucence test |
Biuret
reagent test |
1 |
blue |
yellow |
translucent |
blue |
2 |
blue |
yellow |
not translucent |
purple |
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Identify each nutrient.
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23. |
a.
What distinguishes a functional food from ordinary food?
b.
List two functional foods and their health claims.
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