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Nelson EducationSchoolBiology 11 College Preparation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Workbook Web LinksUNIT 1: CELLULAR BIOLOGYClick on a section below for Workbook Web activities. 1.1
Extension Exercise Questions
1.1 Extension Exercise Questions p. 3
5. What food-preservation method is named after Pasteur? Research this process. This site from HowStuffWorks.com explains the processes of pasteurizing, fermenting, and carbonating. The process of pasteurization is explained in great detail on this page from the University of Guelph Dairy Science and Technology Department. It also includes information on Ontario pasteurization regulations and explains the different methods of pasteurization available.
6. Conduct library and/or Internet research to learn about the canning process. How does the modern canning process relate to Spallanzani's original experiment? This site from HowStuffWorks.com explains the process of canning. Canning 101-pickles, fruits, jams, jellies, etc. This article from Backwoods Home Magazine details the method of canning as a form of food preservation. It also includes some recipes for you to try at home!
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5. Most cancer drugs used today attempt to slow down the rate of cell division (mitosis). Using the Internet and other resources, discover how research on apoptosis might be used to produce new cancer drugs. Emory Researcher Studies: Overcoming Resistance to Cancer Therapy This article from Emory University details how apoptosis may be used in cancer therapies. Dr. Bhalla from the University explains why apoptosis is an important process in cells and why it is particularly important in cancer patients. Harnessing Apoptosis to Destroy Cancer Cells A few scientists have been aware of the importance of apoptosis in normal life processes since the early 1970s, but the general scientific community did not realize how important this process was until the mid- to late-1980s. Read about apoptosis and how its failure is an important aspect of cancer in this article from the National Cancer Institute.
1.3 Alternative Exercise Questions p. 9
Conduct Internet and/or library research to answer the following questions about funeral services careers in Ontario.
1. List some of the academic and non-academic requirements for admission to a funeral services director program in an Ontario Community College.
2. Name and describe some first- and second-semester science and non-science courses in a funeral services director program.
3. Describe the institutions in which funeral services directors work, and typical working hours.
4. Describe five director duties in addition to those described above. Humber College-Funeral Service Education Learn about the only recognized English language funeral service program in Ontario from the Humber College Web site. This page includes admission information, career opportunities, and a list of the courses available in this program. The Ontario Board of Funeral Services Web site includes a list of frequently asked questions, information about making funeral arrangements, and links to outside sites about funeral regulations and what to do when someone dies. This site from Everest of Thunder Bay Funeral Homes and Chapels lists the duties performed by a funeral services director.
1.5 Alternative Exercise Questions
p. 15 (d) When you add water to wheat flour and knead the dough that forms, two proteins, gliadin and glutenin, form gluten. Conduct Internet research to learn more about how gluten is formed during bread making. This page from The Sugar Association explains what happens to sugar in bakery foods and details how gluten is formed during the mixing process. This article describes the importance of the physical and chemical characteristics of different types of flour in baking.
(e) Some people have medical conditions that require them to follow a gluten-free diet. Conduct Internet research to answer the following questions about these conditions.
i. Describe a medical condition that requires the patient to eat a gluten-free diet. ii. What wheat flour substitutes are available for people on gluten-free diets?
This page from the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse details celiac disease-its symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Celiac.com, a celiac disease and gluten-free diet resource includes a wealth of information about celiac disease and gluten-free diets and products.
(f) A food known as seitan is commonly eaten by vegetarians as a high protein/low fat meat substitute. Conduct Internet research to find a recipe for seitan. If possible, make some seitan at home, eat it, and compare its taste and texture to that of bread.
RecipeSource.com, a huge collection of recipes from all over the world, is the source for this recipe for seitan. This page gives some information about seitan and its uses in cooking, along with a recipe for preparing this meat substitute.
1.7 Extension Exercise Questions
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Conduct Internet and/or library research to answer the following questions.
4. Research signs of deficiency in Table 1 that you don't understand, and write brief descriptions of the conditions. Create a table with columns listing the names of the vitamins, the names of the deficiency conditions you research, and a brief description of the deficiency conditions. Merck Manual: Vitamin A Deficiency This section of the well-known Merck Manual details vitamin A deficiency and the effect that it has on the body. Also included on this page are links to pages about various other vitamin deficiencies. Look up any deficiencies that you don't understand with this online encyclopedia.
5. Many people take vitamin supplements in pill form to ensure that their bodies receive adequate amounts of all necessary vitamins. (a) Why do some healthy people take vitamin supplements on a regular basis? (b) Is there a possibility of ingesting too much of a particular vitamin? Select one water-soluble vitamin and one fat-soluble vitamin in Table 1 , and write a brief report describing possible overdose effects. This article details the importance of vitamin D, the recommended daily allowance of this vitamin, and symptoms and effects of a vitamin D overdose. MEDLINE plus: Medical Encyclopedia Topics beginning with "v" Look up vitamins in the MEDLINEplus medical encyclopedia. This online resource includes information about function, sources, and side effects of vitamins. The medical encyclopedia from the Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital includes this page about niacin overdose and what to do when such an overdose occurs.
6. (a) Analyze the container labels in a processed food such as breakfast cereal or milk, and a processed beverage such as a fruit drink, and list the different vitamins they contain. (b) What does the term "fortified with vitamins" mean when used to describe processed foods? (c) Why are products such as breakfast cereals and milk ideal foods to fortify with vitamins? This frequently asked questions page from the Dairy Council of California explains why milk is fortified with vitamins A and D. Breakfast Cereal-Major Source of Vitamins and Minerals for Children This article from the University of California explains why breakfast cereals are fortified with vitamins and how this can contribute to healthy eating habits in children.
p. 25 Statement: Governments should continue funding research into the development of genetically modified foods like golden rice and edible vaccines.
• In your group, research the issue. Search for information in newspapers, periodicals, CD-ROMs, and on the Internet. • Identify individuals, organizations, and government agencies that have addressed the issue. • Identify the perspectives of opposing positions and arrange the different perspectives in suitable graphic organizer. • Participate in a formal debate on the issue . The 'Golden Rice'-An Exercise in How Not to do Science This article from the Institute of Science in Society is an extremely well researched and documented piece against the use of 'golden rice' in developing countries. Golden Rice' and Vitamin A Deficiency This short article describes 'golden rice', the potential problems with its use, and alternatives to this genetically modified product. ScientificAmerican.com is the source for this article about edible vaccines and their use. This article includes how these products are developed and also discusses the problems that may arise with the use of edible vaccines. There are links throughout the article to other pages related to edible vaccines. The Environmental News Network documents what edible vaccines are and the advantages and disadvantages regarding the use of these new products. Also included on this page are links to other articles about edible vaccines.
1.9 Alternative Exercise Questions
p. 29 Conduct library or Internet research to answer the following questions.
5. HeLa is the name of a famous established human cell line. (a) Why is the HeLa cell line so well known? How was the HeLa cell line established? When was it established? (b) Name one important discovery that was made using HeLa cells? Henrietta Lacks was a wife and mother who lived in Baltimore in the mid-20th century. Find out why she was such an important contributor to medical research in this article from Johns Hopkins Magazine.
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Statement : People should be able to buy and sell organs for transplantation • Do you agree or disagree with this statement? • Consider the costs of transplantation versus the costs of other kinds of treatment. • In your group, research the issue using the Internet and other resources. • Identify individuals, organizations, and government agencies that have addressed the issue. • Identify the perspectives of opposing positions and arrange the different perspectives in a suitable graphic organizer. • Conduct a formal debate on buying and selling organs for transplantation. The Rationing of Transplantable Organs: A Troubled Line Up This article from the Cato Journal looks at organ transplantation from a supply and demand view. It looks at the issue of organs from an economic view and supports the idea that organs should be bought and sold to increase the supply of organs available for transplant. This article from the London Health Sciences Centre summarizes the ethical issues surrounding organ transplantation, including the option of creating financial incentives for those who donate organs.
1.12 Extension Exercise Questions p. 34
Conduct Internet research to answer the following questions. 4. What is the source of lactase enzyme used to make lactase tablets and capsules? 5. Lactose-intolerant individuals may obtain insufficient amounts of calcium if they avoid dairy products in their diets. (a) What are the symptoms of calcium deficiency? (b) How can lactose-intolerant individuals make sure they obtain enough calcium? (c) What role can yogurt play in the diet of lactose-intolerant individuals?
6. Humans are the only organisms that regularly drink another species' milk. (a) Why is cow's milk a common beverage? (b) Why is cow's milk not commonly fed to nursing babies? (c) Describe some of the benefits, and some potential health problems associated with drinking cow's milk? This site from The Nemours Foundation details lactose intolerance, who suffers from it, symptoms of lactose intolerance, diagnosis of this condition, and how to live with being lactose intolerant. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse is the source for this fact sheet about lactose intolerance. Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and tips for living with lactose intolerance are included on this very comprehensive Web site. Lactose Intolerance: The Scope of the Problem The National Institutes of Health, Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases describes the problems the lactose intolerance creates with respect to calcium deficiency and bone disease. Cow's Milk: Nature's Most Perfect Food...for Calves This Web site describes why cow's milk is not the best food for humans to be consuming. The site details a number of health issues that may be related to human consumption of cow's milk. What is the Big Deal About Milk? Why do People Treat it Like Some Kind of Miracle Drink? HowStuffWorks.com explains why milk is such as important component of human diets and what benefits we get from consuming milk and milk products.
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Statement: Plants may be used as an effective treatment for sick building syndrome. Conduct library and/or Internet research to investigate • the indicators of sick building syndrome (SBS); • the possible causes of SBS; • procedures used to identify SBS; • the effectiveness of the use of plants in the treatment of SBS; • the types of plants that some have found useful in the treatment of SBS.
As a plant biologist and consultant to the Canadian Labour Congress, prepare a brochure or slide presentation that you will deliver to an upcoming World Health Organization (WHO) conference on Environmental Pollution in the Workplace regarding the effectiveness of the use of plants in the treatment of SBS. Clean Air Plants and Sick Building Syndrome This Web site details the various sources of indoor air pollution that cause sick building syndrome and lists a number of plants that can purify air. What is Sick Building Syndrome? This brief article describes what sick building syndrome is and why live plants may help remedy this condition in buildings. Plant Care: Sick Building Syndrome This plant tip from PlantCare.com discusses sick building syndrome, research that NASA has conducted on this disease, and how plants can be used to cure sick building syndrome. Can Plants Nurse Sick Buildings Back to Health? Discovery Channel is the source for this article on sick building syndrome and ways to help cure this disease.
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