True/False
Indicate whether the
sentence or statement is true or false.
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1. |
One
joule is one newton metre squared per second squared.
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2. |
The
force constant of a spring can be said to measure the stiffness
of the spring.
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3. |
Two
boxes are being moved on level terrain, one on Earth, the other on the
Moon. If the displacement and coefficient of kinetic friction are the
same, then the thermal energy produced by the kinetic friction would
also be the same.
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4. |
Impulse and momentum are the same quantity because their base SI
units are equivalent.
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5. |
Two
figure skaters, initially stationary, push away from each other. Just
after this interaction, the total momentum of this system is zero.
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6. |
The
only type of collision in which momentum is not conserved is a completely
inelastic collision.
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7. |
The
gravitational field strength at a location in the Suns gravitational
field is inversely proportional to the distance between that location
and the Suns centre.
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8. |
The
work done by the force of Earths gravity acting on a satellite
in circular motion around Earth is positive because the satellite is
always accelerating toward Earth.
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9. |
In
the heliocentric model, Earth is at the centre of the universe and all
other celestial bodies revolve around it.
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10. |
The
Sun is located at the centre of a planets orbit.
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11. |
The
speed of a satellite in elliptical orbit around Earth is independent
of the satellites position in its orbit.
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12. |
A
black hole has an extremely strong magnetic field.
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13. |
A
black hole is a celestial body with an escape speed equal to or greater
than the speed of light.
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14. |
X
rays and gamma rays can escape from a black hole, even though visible
light cannot.
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Multiple Choice
Identify
the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
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15. |
If
you were to climb a ladder that was your height, the work you would
do against the force of gravity is approximately
a. |
101
J |
b. |
102
J |
c. |
103
J |
d. |
104
J |
e. |
105
J |
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For
questions 16 to 18, refer to Figure 1, in which a toboggan is
pulled up a hill of length L at a constant velocity.
Figure 1
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16. |
The
magnitude of the normal force of the hillside acting on the toboggan
is
a. |
mg
cos b |
b. |
FA
sin f |
c. |
mg cos b
FA sin f |
d. |
mg
cos b
+ FA sin f |
e. |
(mg
cos b
+ FA sin f) |
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17. |
The
magnitude of the applied force A
is
a. |
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b. |
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c. |
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d. |
FK + FN |
e. |
FK
+ FN
mg |
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18. |
The
work done by the applied force in moving the toboggan the length of
the hill, L, is
a. |
FAL |
b. |
FKL |
c. |
(FA
FK)L |
d. |
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e. |
none of these |
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19. |
A
satellite in a circular orbit of radius r around Mars experiences
a force of gravity of magnitude F exerted by Mars. The work done
by this force on the satelliete as it travels halfway around its orbit
is
a. |
2F |
d. |
F |
b. |
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e. |
zero |
c. |
Fr |
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20. |
A
motorcycle of mass of m, with a driver of mass ,
is travelling at speed v. Later, it is travelling with the same
driver, as well as a passenger of mass , at a speed 0.80v. The motorcycles new kinetic energy
is
a. |
equal
to the initial kinetic energy |
b. |
greater than the initial kinetic energy by a factor
of 0.75 |
c. |
less
than the initial kinetic energy by a factor of 0.75 |
d. |
greater than the initial kinetic energy by a factor
of 1.3 |
e. |
less
than the initial kinetic energy by a factor of 1.3 |
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21. |
Three
stones are thrown with identical initial speeds from the top of a cliff
into the water below (Figure 2). Air resistance is negligible.
The speeds with which stones 1, 2, and 3 strike the water are
Figure
2
a. |
v1
= v3 > v2 |
b. |
v2
> v1 = v3 |
c. |
v1
> v2 > v3 |
d. |
v3
> v2 > v1 |
e. |
v1
= v2 = v3 |
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22. |
The
contact times in collisions between a baseball and a baseball bat are
typically a few
a. |
seconds |
b. |
nanoseconds |
c. |
microseconds |
d. |
milliseconds |
e. |
kiloseconds |
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23. |
A
billiard ball, moving with speed v, collides head-on with a stationary
ball of the same mass. After the collision, the billiard ball that was
initially moving is at rest. The speed of the other ball in terms of
v is
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Questions 24 to 26 relate to Figure 3.
Figure 3
This
graph shows the kinetic energy given to three rockets (F, G, and H)
of equal mass as they are launched from Earth's surface.
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24. |
If
the escape speeds of the rockets are vF, vG,
and vH, then
a. |
vF = vG = vH |
b. |
vF > vG
> vH |
c. |
vF < vG
< vH |
d. |
vF = vG, but
vH has no defined escape speed |
e. |
the speeds cannot be compared with the information
given |
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25. |
In
the situation of Figure 3, which of the following statements
is true?
a. |
H
will rise to an altitude of 2rE above Earths
surface and remain there. |
b. |
F and G will escape and have zero speed after escaping. |
c. |
Only F will escape, but it will have zero speed
after escaping. |
d. |
Only F will escape and it will have a nonzero speed
after escaping. |
e. |
none of these |
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26. |
If
the escape energies of the rockets are EF, EG,
and EH, then
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