True/False
Indicate whether the
sentence or statement is true or false.
|
| |
1. |
The
amount of energy released in a particular a or b decay is found by determining the mass difference between the
products and the parent. A mass–energy equivalence calculation
then gives the energy.
|
| |
2. |
The
average binding energy per nucleon decreases with increasing atomic
mass number.
|
| |
3. |
The
half-life for the decay shown in Figure 1 is 250 a.
 Figure 1 |
| |
4. |
Both
a
and b
decay can be explained in terms of the strong nuclear force.
|
| |
5. |
The
fact that gravitons can interact with one another is one of the principal
obstacles impeding the development of a quantum theory of gravity.
|
| |
6. |
In
Murray Gell-Mann’s eightfold way of classification, each of the
three sets of 8 particles has a unique spin number.
|
| |
7. |
Electrons, which normally have a spin of  ,
can take other values of spin if they acquire enough energy.
|
| |
8. |
According to quark theory, two quarks are needed to form a hadron,
and two quarks are needed to form a meson.
|
| |
9. |
When
a quark absorbs or emits a gluon, its mass changes.
|
Multiple Choice
Identify
the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
|
| |
10. |
The
process represented by the nuclear equation
a. |
annihilation |
b. |
 decay |
c. |
 decay |
d. |
 decay |
e. |
pair production |
|
|
|
| |
11. |
The
values of x and y that correctly complete the equation
are
a. |
x
= 214, y = 81 |
b. |
x = 214, y = 82 |
c. |
x
= 214, y = 83 |
d. |
x = 215, y = 83 |
e. |
x
= 212, y = 81 |
|
|
|
| |
12. |
A
sample of coal initially contains 10.0 mg of carbon-14. This isotope
has a half-life of 5730 a. The amount of carbon-14 remaining in the
sample after 573 a is
a. |
0.00 mg |
b. |
1.00 mg |
c. |
5.00 mg |
d. |
9.30 mg |
e. |
9.99 mg |
|
|
|
| |
13. |
If
the mass of the particle being accelerated in a cyclotron were to double,
the cyclotron frequency would have to
a. |
decrease
by a factor of 2 |
b. |
decrease
by a factor of 4 |
c. |
increase
by a factor of 2 |
d. |
increase
by a factor of 4 |
e. |
undergo
no change, since the frequency is independent of mass |
|
|
|
| |
14. |
Modern
synchrotrons perform colliding-beam experiments because
a. |
the
resulting collisions are more energetic |
b. |
it is easier to contain the resulting particles |
c. |
only colliding-beam arrangements conserve momentum |
d. |
collisions with stationary targets do not produce
particles |
e. |
none of the above |
|
|
|
| |
15. |
The
need to bring quark theory into agreement with the Pauli exclusion principle
prompted existing ideas to be modified by
a. |
postulating
the s quark |
b. |
postulating a second family of quarks |
c. |
postulating
a third family of quarks |
d. |
endowing quarks with a fractional charge |
e. |
introducing
a quantum number for colour |
|
|
|
| |
16. |
Attempts
to develop a grand unified theory have encountered particularly grave
difficulties in uniting
a. |
the
strong nuclear force with the weak and electromagnetic forces |
b. |
the
weak nuclear force with the electromagnetic force |
c. |
the strong nuclear force with gravity |
d. |
the
strong nuclear force with the electromagnetic force |
e. |
the weak nuclear force with the strong nuclear
force |
|
|
|