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fishing practices of large fishing nations.
Greenpeace
overview of fishing crisis
For
the teacher: This page is brief, but gives a good overview
of Greenpeace's study on the fishing crisis.
Canada's
Oceans, Experience and Practices, Environment Canada
For
the teacher: This extensive site gives an economic overview
of the fishing crisis. It also provides copies of the Oceans
Act, the Canada Environmental Protection Act, activities to
support these regulations and outlines living marine resource
management programs.
The
Agreement on High Seas Fishing: An Update, United Nations
For the teacher: This United Nations
site overviews the fishing problem and the solution agreed upon
at the Earth summit in 1997 about commercial fishing. Students
can use this as a benchmark to measure fishing practices against.
U.S.
Oceans Policy and the Law of the Sea Convention, U.S. government
For the teacher: This policy paper
gives students an idea of what U.S. fishers should be complying
with.
Eating
Whales and the Politics of Power — Japanese Whaling policies,
Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society. Includes links to
information on other Japanese fishing practices.
For
the teacher: This page examines the history of Japanese
whaling and its effect on the ocean environment and on the diminishing
whale population. Students should follow the links to read about
Japan's practices.
Norwegian
Commercial Whaling, Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society
For the teacher: This page describes
Norwegian industrial whaling activities and their impact on
the marine environment and on the diminishing population of
whales.
Pacific
Halibut Fishery Regulations 2000 for the U.S. and Canada
For the teacher: This site, supported
by the International Pacific Halibut Commission, will give students
the actual regulations governing the practices of the halibut
fishing industry. As well, students can scan recent research
to see what efforts are ongoing to sustain the halibut industry.
Fisheries
Co-operatives in India by B.K. Mishra
For
the teacher: This paper, written in 1997, details the state
of fisheries in India and the country's marine resources. It
also posts the argument that fishers should form collectives
to guard against exploitation and to learn more about sustainable
fishing.
How
Bountiful are Ocean Fisheries?, by Brian J. Rothschild, published
in Consequences: The Nature and Implications of Environmental
Change
For the teacher: This paper gives
a good overview of the problem of overfishing. However, the
author also explores other reasons for the decline in fish stocks
such as inherent problems in fisheries management and emerging
problems of environmental changes.
U.
S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) Fisheries
For
the teacher: This site describes major U.S. actions to promote
sustainable fisheries, environmental conservation and management
of marine resources, and various legislative acts that govern
U.S. fishing practices.
Russian
Fisheries Under Threat from Poaching, Overfishing, and Habitat
Degradation: Will Natural Resource Extraction Wipe Out Russia's
Rich Salmon Stocks?, Pacific Environment and Resources Center
For the teacher: This site gives a good overview of
the crisis in Russian fisheries due to internal politics, corruption
and management of the resource.
Fisheries
Resource Conservation Council of Canada's mandate states Canada's
position on conserving and managing fisheries.
For
the teacher: The Government of Canada is committed to a
more comprehensive approach to conserving and managing our fisheries.
The site looks at issues such as complex fisheries, the interaction
of fish with other species predator-prey relationships, and
also changes in the marine environment.
European
Union — Common Fisheries Policy
For
the teacher: This site provides information on the complex
task of ensuring sustainable fishing. It also aims to inform
people about the European Union's commitment to ensure responsible
fishing and aquaculture.
Northwest
Atlantic Fisheries Organization home page. Follow the links
to Conservation and Enforcement Measures and read the PDF file
on conservation and enforcement.
For
the teacher: Students can use this site to see what fishing
practices are regulated by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries
Organization whose members include Canada, Japan, Russia, Norway,
USA and others.
Gadus
Associates, Nova Scotia, List of Fisheries Web Sites
For
the teacher: Students should use this site for in-depth
research on governments, international organizations, agencies,
fisheries commissions, research organizations, etc.
Overfishing
links, University of California at Davis, Department of Geology.
For the teacher: Students can use
these links for in-depth research on practices that lead to
overfishing. Students can read about the problems from a global
perspective, but also by geographic area and by selected species
such as whales, tuna, sharks, etc.
Greenpeace
report: Sinking Fast: How Factory Trawlers are destroying U.S.
fisheries and Marine Ecosystems (Use this site for research
on Spain, USA, Canada, Russia.)
For
the teacher: Greenpeace has done a detailed study on the
global fishing crisis relating to the rise of factory trawlers
and the industrialization of fishing.
"In
the name of science", by Peter Hadfield, published in the New
Scientist, which highlights Japan's tuna fishing practices
For the teacher: This article details Japan's emerging
practice of "research fishing" that the author says is in defiance
of an agreement with Australia and New Zealand. "Japan's Fisheries
Agency has begun catching southern bluefin tuna outside the
normal fishing season and outside the normal quota, ostensibly
to gather data on stocks of the prized delicacy."
Porpoises
'under threat', BBC Online Network - News
For
the teacher: This article notes that the Environmental Investigation
Agency has claimed that "Japan killed 18,000 Dall's porpoises
last year, breaking an international agreement to limit the
kill to 10,000."
United
Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Fisheries Department
- Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries
For
the teacher: Students can browse this code to understand
what international standards should be followed. This site is
quite extensive and also contains the Review of the State of
World Fishery Resources: Marine Fisheries.
United
Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Fisheries Department
Review of the State of World Fishery Resources: Marine Fisheries
For the teacher: This paper updates
the regular reviews of the state of the world's marine fish
stocks, based mainly on statistics through 1994. The limits
of world fish production are described and major trends in world
fisheries since 1950 are given. More detailed remarks are provided
for each FAO statistical area. The major changes and trends
that have occurred in specific resources are discussed as are
the fishery assessment strategies currently used to support
fisheries management in each region.
Pressures
on Marine Biodiversity, World Resources Institute
For
the teacher: This detailed sites gives a good overview of
habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution and sedimentation
and climate change — all affecting fish stocks.
Sustainable
Marine Resource Management, World Resources Institute
For
the teacher: This site studies sustainable marine resource
management and the policies that degrade and cause the loss
of biodiversity in coastal and marine ecosystems.
Oceans
and the law of the sea: Large-scale pelagic drift-net fishing,
unauthorized fishing in zones of national jurisdiction and fisheries
by-catch and discards. Report of the Secretary-General of the
United Nations
For the teacher: This long, complicated
document examines, by region, large-scale pelagic driftnet fishing,
unauthorized fishing in zones under the national jurisdiction
of other states, fisheries by-catch and discards, etc.
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