Chapter Seven
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Question 1 An effective corrections program has: a high rate of prevention a low rate of recidivism ego-building therapy occupational training institutional socialization Question 2 Biological factors are: directly causative of most violent crime only one of a range of factors affecting behaviour not related to criminal behaviour influenced by nutrition and drug use experimentally sustainable Question 3 "Operationally defined" means to: work out all details of an experiment in advance define a concept or idea in a measureable way define in interaction use surgical procedure to detect biological differences operate in various ways with definitions Question 4 Someone who collects data on the involvement of a group of individuals in the criminal justice system over a thirty-year period is conducting a: sample survey longitudinal study cross-sectional study etiological analysis social intervention program Question 5 Which of the following might be studied to investigate the influence of genetics on human behaviour? monozygotic and dizygotic twins electrodermal activity drug use statistical significance behavioural conditioning Question 6 "Statistically significant" means: frequent a large number unlikely to occur by chance a statistical fluke a positive correlation Question 7 A study of the relative importance of genetics versus social environmment in affecting behaviour might examine: ethnic groups religions nutrition adopted children day care environments Question 8 Studies of the effect of genetic factors on behaviour suggest: there is no significant effect behaviour is determined by genetic inheritance behaviour is partly shaped by genetic inheritance there are differences between ethnic groups women and men are naturally different Question 9 Which of the following are more likely to be found in offenders than non-offenders? order compulsion above average intelligence limited development of secondary sex characteristics hyperactivity combined with aggressiveness excessive adrenaline and low levels of testosterone Question 10 Which of the following biological factors has NOT been cited as correlated with criminal behaviour? skeletal density endochrine disorder head trauma lead poisoning inflammatory brain disease Question 11 A search for biological causations of criminal behaviour looks at: culture social structure stratification brain neurochemistry operant conditioning Question 12 Studies of adopted sons show that their criminal conviction rates are: highest when the adoptive parents also have convictions highest when the blood parents also have convictions unrelated to convictions of the adoptive parents unrelated to convictions of the blood parents none of the above   Back to List of Chapters